02+Explain+why+England+was+the+main+exception+to+the+growth+of+absolutism+in+royal+power+in+Europe

**2A. the causes and essential events of the English Civil War and the Glorious Revolution of 1688**: The monarch had never held such absolute power before and when the Magna Carta was signed, it almost destroyed all of the powers of the king, and made the monarchs of England just for show. The Glorious Revolution also called the Revolution of 1688, was the overthrow of King James II of England by a union of Parliamentarians with an invading army led by the Dutch stallholder (Dutch: stallholder, "steward" or literally "place-keeper" or "stead-holder" in older Dutch) William III of Orange-Nassau who then ascended to the throne with his wife Mary II of England. It was between the Parliament and the Royalists, it started in 1688, it was the overthrow of king James. On September 3,1651 the war ended at the Battle of Worcester when Parliament defeated the Royalists. James II tried to alienate almost all the politically and militarily important segments of English society by trying to convert the army to Catholicism in what is known as the Glorious Revolution of 1688. He was then stopped by Dutch peacemaker William III. The expression "Glorious Revolution" was first used by John Hampton in late 1689, and is an expression that is still used by the British Parliament. a union of [|Parliamentarians] with an invading army led by the [|Dutch] [|stand holder] William III of [|Orange-Nassau] who, as a result, inherited the English throne as [|William III of England] together with his wife [|Mary II of England] The The two main sides of this war were the Royalist Cavaliers of Charles I of England and Parliamentarian Round heads of Oliver Cromwell. For various reasons, loyalties shifted and both sides changed significantly throughout the conflict. Yorkshire Treaty of Neutrality was signed but was repudiated shortly after because of a strong disagreement between England and France The English Civil War of 1642-1651 was a series of conflicts between the Parliamentarians and the Royalist forces of King Charles I, parliament wanted reduce the power of the monarchy. England was the main exception to the growth of absolutism, because the English Civil War was to oppose absolutism and bring more power to the parliament. The wars left England, Scotland, and Ireland among the few countries in Europe without a monarch.
 * Explain why England was the main exception to the growth of absolutism in royal power in Europe: **

Later on, the Battle of Worchester ended when the Royalists was defeated by Parliament.
**2B. the effect of the Glorious Revolution on the development of constitutional government and liberty in England, including the importance of the English Bill of Rights and how it limited the power of the monarch to act without the consent of Parliament**:

The Glorious Revolution, also called the Revolution of 1688, was the overthrow of King James II of England in 1688 by a union of Parlamentarians with an invading army led by the Dutch stadholder William III of Orange Nassau. It limited the power of monarchy, led to the creation of the Bill of Rights, and forced the king to listen to individual citizens The Glorious Revolution limited the power of the monarchy by giving Parliament more say in the laws of England. The Glorious Revolution led to the creation of the English Bill of Rights which shifted power from the monarch to Parliament. The English Bill of Rights stopped the monarchy from raising taxes without Parliament's permission. The English Bill of Rights listed twelve of King James's policies which were: It forced the king to listen to individual citizens as represented by the parliment. the Glorious Revolution casued the creation of the english bill of rights, that gave parliment more say in the laws of england
 * by assuming and exercising the dispensing power;
 * by prosecuting the Seven Bishops; by establishing of the court of commissioners for ecclesiastical causes;
 * by levying money for the crown by pretence of prerogative than the same was granted by Parliament;
 * by raising and maintaining a standing army in peacetime without the consent of Parliament;
 * by disarming Protestants and arming Catholics contrary to law;
 * by violating the election of MPs;
 * by prosecuting in the King's Bench for matters cognizable only in Parliament and "divers other arbitrary and illegal courses";
 * by employing unqualified persons to serve on juries;
 * by requiring an excessive bail for persons committed in criminal cases;
 * by imposing excessive fines and "illegal and cruel punishments inflicted";
 * by making "several grants and promises made of fines and forfeitures before any conviction or judgment against the person, upon whom the same were to be levied".

it was due to casues and eventrs caused by the english civil war.

The English Bill of Rights was put in place by the English Parliament and singed lawfully by King William III in 1689 in England.